搜索结果: 1-15 共查到“知识库 理学 METABOLISM”相关记录105条 . 查询时间(0.046 秒)
线粒体是细胞中重要的能量供应场所和代谢中心，主要通过氧化磷酸化过程合成ATP为细胞提供能量。线粒体同时也参与调控先天性免疫及细胞程序性死亡等生理过程。线粒体功能损伤会影响细胞甚至机体的正常生命活动，诱发一系列严重疾病例如神经功能障碍，慢性病，心力衰竭等，因此保障线粒体正常运作（内环境稳态）具有重要意义。而线粒体未折叠蛋白质反应（mitochondrial unfolded protein resp...
肥胖是肿瘤、糖尿病和心血管等重大疾病的重要危险因素之一，纠正肥胖代谢失衡有助于民众健康，具有重要的社会经济效益。支链氨基酸（BCAA）代谢与肥胖密切相关，体内BCAA及其代谢物的增加与肥胖相关代谢疾病呈正相关，高BCAA饮食可加重肥胖，低BCAA饮食能改善肥胖。肥胖的特征之一是白色脂肪的增加，然而BCAA代谢在白色脂肪的作用以及促进肥胖的机制一直不清楚。
足够的营养是细胞增殖和组织发育的必要条件。细胞增殖和组织发育需要上调组蛋白乙酰化来激活基因转录。二者之间的联系，也就是：“营养物信号如何被传递到组蛋白乙酰化？”这个基础生物医学问题，长期未能得到阐明。
线粒体是细胞内一类非常重要的细胞器，具有独立于细胞核的遗传物质（mtDNA）及相应的基因转录和蛋白翻译系统。与此同时，线粒体也是细胞代谢的重要区室，因其在能量代谢中的重要作用被称为“细胞的能量工厂”。线粒体代谢和生物合成异常在肿瘤、心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病、衰老等疾病的进程中具有关键的调控作用。线粒体量在细胞内被动态调节，并与细胞的代谢状态密切相关。目前对细胞如何感知营养状态调控核编码线粒体基因...
Gender and Age Effects on the Expression of Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism in Broiler’s Liver
apolipoprotein lipogenesis lipolysis
2018/3/5
Two experiments were conducted to assess gender (Experiment 1) and age (Experiment 2) effects on the
expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. The expression of fatty acid ...
The role of metabolism (and the microbiome) in defining the clinical efficacy of dietary flavonoids
absorption ADME flavonoids genotype health metabolism microbiome
2018/11/12
At a population level, there is growing evidence of the beneficial effects of dietary flavonoids on health. However, there is extensive heterogeneity in the response to increased intake, which is like...
Effects of potassium supplements on glucose metabolism in African Americans with prediabetes: a pilot trial
potassium chloride potassium risk factor glucose metabolism prediabetes African Americans
2018/11/21
Background: Low potassium has been identified both as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and as a mediator of the racial disparity in diabetes risk. Low potassium could be a potentially modifiable risk...
Placental vitamin D metabolism and its associations with circulating vitamin D metabolites in pregnant women
vitamin D pregnancy placenta trophoblasts vitamin D metabolism 25-hydroxyvitamin D megalin/cubilin CYP2R1 CYP27B1 CYP24A1
2018/11/21
Background: Little is known about placental vitamin D metabolism and its impact on maternal circulating vitamin D concentrations in humans.
Association of TCN2 rs1801198 c.776G>C polymorphism with markers of one-carbon metabolism and related diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of genetic association studies
cobalamin c.776G>C genetic association studies
2018/11/20
Background: Vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) deficiency may produce severe neurologic and hematologic manifestations. Approximately 20–25% of circulating cobalamin binds to transcobalamin 2 (TCN2), which is r...
Combined bioavailable isoflavones and probiotics improve bone status and estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal osteopenic women: a randomized controlled trial
isoflavone bone turnover bioavailability probiotics osteopenia postmenopause equol bone density
2018/11/19
Background: Female age-related estrogen deficiency increases the risk of osteoporosis, which can be effectively treated with the use of hormone replacement therapy. However, hormone replacement therap...
Combined bioavailable isoflavones and probiotics improve bone status and estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal osteopenic women: a randomized controlled trial
isoflavone bone turnover bioavailability probiotics osteopenia postmenopause equol bone density
2018/11/16
Background: Female age-related estrogen deficiency increases the risk of osteoporosis, which can be effectively treated with the use of hormone replacement therapy. However, hormone replacement therap...
Metabolism of uniformly labeled 13C-eicosapentaenoic acid and 13C-arachidonic acid in young and old men
aging arachidonic acid docosahexaenoic acid eicosapentaenoic acid metabolism
2018/11/15
Background: Plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations increase with age.
Michael John Rennie, MSc, PhD, FRSE, FHEA, 1946–2017: an appreciation of his work on protein metabolism in human muscle
Michael John Rennie protein metabolism muscle
2018/11/14
Michael Rennie died suddenly in his sleep on 9 January 2017, although he had not been well for some time. He was 70 y old. Mike is best known for his work on skeletal muscle: the regulation of its mas...
2017年 食欲，代谢和体重的神经元控制 Keystone Symposia（2017 Keystone Symposia on Neuronal Control of Appetite, Metabolism and Weight）
Metabolism Weight
2017/3/7
The meeting will begin on Tuesday, May 9 with registration from 16:00 to 20:00 and a welcome mixer from 18:00 to 20:00. Conference events conclude on Saturday, May 13 with a closing plenary session fr...
Irregular meal-pattern effects on energy expenditure, metabolism, and appetite regulation: a randomized controlled trial in healthy normal-weight women
appetite meal regularity metabolism normal-weight women thermic effect of food
2018/11/30
Background: Obesity is increasing in parallel with greater all-day food availability. The latter may promote meal irregularity, dysregulation of the energy balance, and poor metabolic health.
