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Relation between dietary intake, serum concentrations, and retinal concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in adults in a Midwest population
age-related macular degeneration lutein zeaxanthin
2016/6/14
Information on concentrations of retinal carotenoids
(macular pigment, or MP) is of particular interest because MP
protects against age-related macular degeneration, the leading
cause of irreversib...
Treatment of anemia with microencapsulated ferrous fumarate plus ascorbic acid supplied as sprinkles to complementary (weaning) foods
Iron infants children
2016/6/14
Standard therapy for anemia in infants is ferrous
sulfate drops administered 3 times/d. Adherence to treatment,
however, is often poor. One likely reason for poor adherence is
the unpleasant side e...
Effects of a hydrogenated form of vitamin K on bone formation and resorption
bone turnover trans fatty acids phylloquinone
2016/6/14
Hydrogenation of vegetable oils affects blood
lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. However, little is known
about the effects of hydrogenation on other components, such as
vitamin K. Low phylloqui...
Serum transferrin receptor concentration indicates increased erythropoiesis in Kenyan children with asymptomatic malaria
Iron deficiency anemia ferritin
2016/6/14
Serum transferrin receptor concentrations indicate
both erythropoietic activity and the deficit of functional iron in
the erythron. In contrast with serum ferritin concentrations,
serum transferrin...
Dietary cysteine reduces the methionine requirement in men
amino acid requirement stable isotopes methionine
2016/6/14
Despite early evidence suggesting that dietary cysteine
has a sparing effect on methionine requirements, some recent
reports question the existence of a measurable sparing capacity.
Total sulfur amino acid requirement in young men as determined by indicator amino acid oxidation with L-[1-13C]phenylalanine
amino acid requirement stable isotopes phenylalanine
2016/6/14
Determining the sulfur amino acid (SAA) requirements
of humans has remained elusive because of the complex
nature of SAA metabolism. Current recommendations are based
on nitrogen balance studies.
Daily requirement for and splanchnic uptake of leucine in healthy adult Indians
amino acid balance splanchnic uptake India
2016/6/14
The 1985 FAO/WHO/UNU requirement for leucine
is too low according to tracer-derived estimates of leucine oxidation
and balance in adults from developed regions.
De novo lipogenesis during controlled overfeeding with sucrose or glucose in lean and obese women
De novo lipogenesis deuterium overfeeding
2016/6/14
The results of previous studies suggest that de novo
lipogenesis may play an important role in the etiology of obesity,
particularly during overconsumption of different carbohydrates.
Cardiovascular disease risk factors and diet of Fulani pastoralists of northern Nigeria
LDL cholesterol HDL cholesterol homocysteine
2016/6/14
The Fulani of northern Nigeria are seminomadic
pastoralists who consume a diet rich in saturated fats, do not use
tobacco, are lean, and have an active lifestyle. Little is known
about their serum ...
Plasma S-adenosylhomocysteine is a more sensitive indicator of cardiovascular disease than plasma homocysteine
cardiovascular disease plasma S-adenosylmethionine
2016/6/14
Although plasma total homocysteine has been identified
as an independent risk factor for vascular disease in a multitude
of studies, there is a considerable overlap in values between
patients at ri...
γ-Tocopherol, the major form of vitamin E in the US diet, deserves more attention
metabolism electrophile trap antiinflammatory activity
2016/6/14
γ-Tocopherol is the major form of vitamin E in
many plant seeds and in the US diet, but has drawn little attention
compared with -tocopherol, the predominant form of vitamin E
in tissues and the pr...
Maternal thiamine deficiency: still a problem in some world communities
Thiamine deficiency health care
2016/6/14
Thiamine deficiency remains an important health care issue in
many world populations. Causes of thiamine deficiency include
inadequate diets, consumption of foods containing thiaminases or
antithia...
Estimating requirements for the nutritionally indispensable
amino acids in adult human nutrition is an active area of investigation
and is important in assessing and planning diets worldwide.
This ...
No common energy currency: de novo lipogenesis as the road less traveled
lipogenesis energy currency
2016/6/14
Bees make wax (lipid) from honey (carbohydrate). Pigs fatten
on a grain diet. Indeed, all organisms, from bacteria to mammals,
have the enzymes of de novo lipogenesis. The physiologic
function of d...
Caffeine intake increases the rate of bone loss in elderly women and interacts with vitamin D receptor genotypes
bone mineral density elderly women Caffeine
2016/6/14
Our goals were 1) to compare in both a crosssectional
study and a 3-y longitudinal study the bone mineral
density (BMD) of postmenopausal women consuming high or
low amounts of caffeine and 2) to s...