搜索结果: 121-135 共查到“知识库 食品营养学”相关记录879条 . 查询时间(1.375 秒)
Toward personalized calcium and vitamin D supplementation
personalized calcium vitamin D supplementation
2018/11/13
Calcium and vitamin D (CaD)1 are essential components for building and maintaining strong bones throughout life. Although calcium is present in many food products and vitamin D can be synthesized in t...
The effect of increasing dairy calcium intake of adolescent girls on changes in body fat and weight
percentage of body fat weight adolescence dietary calcium intake dairy foods girls
2018/11/13
Background: Overweight is epidemic in adolescents and is a major concern because it tracks into adulthood. Evidence supports the efficacy of high-calcium, high-dairy diets in achieving healthy weight ...
Vitamin D and calcium intake and risk of early menopause
anovulation calcium dairy menopause menstrual cycle ovarian function vitamin D 25-hydroxyvitamin D
2018/11/14
Background: Early menopause, defined as the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 45 y, affects ～10% of women and is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and ...
Longer exposure to a new refugee food ration is associated with reduced prevalence of small for gestational age: results from 2 cross-sectional surveys on the Thailand-Myanmar border
birth weight birth length head circumference preconception pregnancy preterm birth ration refugees small for gestational age fetal growth
2018/11/14
Background: Despite the high risk of compromised nutrition, evidence of the effect of refugee rations on fetal growth is limited. A new ration containing micronutrient-fortified flour without increase...
Vitamin D supplementation has no effect on insulin sensitivity or secretion in vitamin D–deficient, overweight or obese adults: a randomized placebo-controlled trial
insulin secretion insulin sensitivity obesity random-ized trial RCT, vitamin D
2018/11/14
Background: Vitamin D supplementation has been proposed as a potential strategy to prevent type 2 diabetes. Existing clinical trials have been limited by short duration, low doses of vitamin D, variab...
Home fortification during the first 1000 d improves child development in Bangladesh: a cluster-randomized effectiveness trial
lipid-based nutrient supplements micronutrient powder language development motor development executive function young children Bangladesh
2018/11/13
Background: Nutrition during the first 1000 d is critical for brain development.
Objective: We evaluated the effects on child development of home fortification with lipid-based nutrient supplements (...
Lipid-based nutrient supplementation in the first 1000 d improves child growth in Bangladesh: a cluster-randomized effectiveness trial
growth faltering ipid-based nutrient supplements malnutrition micronutrient powder stunting
2018/11/13
Background: Stunting in linear growth occurs mainly during the first 1000 d, from conception through 24 mo of age. Despite the recognition of this critical period, there have been few evaluations of t...
Dietary intake of α-linolenic acid and risk of age-related macular degeneration
α-linolenic acid omega-3 fatty acids trans fat age-related macular degeneration prospective cohort study food-frequency questionnaire
2018/11/14
Background: The relation between α-linolenic acid (ALA), a plant-derived omega-3 (n–3) fatty acid, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is unclear. European researchers reported that ≤40% of ALA...
Dietary intake is independently associated with the maximal capacity for fat oxidation during exercise
health metabolism nutrition physical activity substrate oxidation
2018/11/13
Background: Substantial interindividual variability exists in the maximal rate of fat oxidation (MFO) during exercise with potential implications for metabolic health. Although the diet can affect the...
Erratum for van Meer F et al. Developmental differences in the brain response to unhealthy food cues: an fMRI study of children and adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2016;104:1515–22
van Meer unhealthy food fMRI study
2018/11/13
Erratum for van Meer F et al. Developmental differences in the brain response to unhealthy food cues: an fMRI study of children and adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2016;104:1515–22.
Only DNA-based dietary advice improved adherence to the Mediterranean diet score
DNA-based dietary Mediterranean diet score nutrition
2018/11/13
Livingstone et al. (1) examined the effects of various levels of personalized nutrition (PN) advice on adherence to a Mediterranean diet [Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) score]. Individuals were randomly...
Glycemic index is as reliable as macronutrients on food labels
Glycemic index macronutrients food labels
2018/11/13
In a recent article, Matthan et al. (1) measured glucose and insulin responses elicited by 50-g available carbohydrate portions of white bread and glucose in 63 subjects. They concluded that the subst...
Elevated reward response to receipt of palatable food predicts future weight variability in healthy-weight adolescents
body weight fMRI obesity weight fluctuations weight variability
2018/11/13
Background: Both an elevated brain-reward–region response to palatable food and elevated weight variability have been shown to predict future weight gain.
Objective: We examined whether the brain-rew...
Effect of macronutrients and fiber on postprandial glycemic responses and meal glycemic index and glycemic load value determinations
glycemic index glycemic load healthy participants macronutrients and fiber variability
2018/11/13
Background: The potential confounding effect of different amounts and proportions of macronutrients across eating patterns on meal or dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) value determina...
Total and subtypes of dietary fat intake and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study
dietary fat fat subtypes saturated fat monounsaturated fat ω-3 fatty acids type 2 diabetes PREDIMED study
2018/11/13
Background: The associations between dietary fat and cardiovascular disease have been evaluated in several studies, but less is known about their influence on the risk of diabetes.