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Applications of Geo-Referenced Underwater Photo Mosaics in Marine Biology and Archaeology
Photo Mosaics Geo-Referenced Underwater
2015/7/22
In deep water, below the photic zone, still and video imaging of the seabed requires artificial lighting. Light absorption and backscatter caused by typical seawater components, such as dissolved orga...
Using Narwhals as Ocean-Observing Platforms in the High Arctic
igh Arctic Ocean-Observing Platforms
2015/7/22
Offshore Arctic waters are the most remote and unexplored areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Generally covered by sea ice for most of the year, these waters are characterized by darkness for up to six ...
Population Connectivity in Marine Systems:An Overview
Population Connectivity Marine Systems
2015/7/22
There is growing consensus that life within the world's ocean is under considerable and increasing stress from human activities (Hutchings, 2000; Jackson et al., 2001). This unprecedented strain on bo...
Larval Transport and Dispersal in the Coastal Ocean and Consequences for Population Connectivity
Larval Transport Dispersal Coastal Ocean Consequences Population Connectivity
2015/7/22
Many marine species have small, pelagic early life stages. For those species, knowledge of population connectivity requires understanding the origin and trajectories of dispersing eggs and larvae amon...
Observing Larval Transport Processes Affecting Population Connectivity:Progress and Challenges
Observing Larval Transport Processes Population Connectivity Progress and Challenges
2015/7/22
Population connectivity is inherently bio-physical: it is determined by physical transport and dispersion, as well as biological processes such as timing of spawning, larval behavior, and mortality. K...
Understanding the connectivity of marine populations is vital for conservation and fisheries management, particularly for the strategic design of reserve systems. A recent proliferation of molecular a...
unique Deep-Water ecosystems OFF tHe SOutHeaSterN uNiteD StateS
Southeastern United States Deep-Water
2015/7/22
If nothing else, research in deep-sea environments teaches us how little we know about such important and productive habitats. The relatively recent discovery of hydrothermal-vent and cold-seep ecosys...
Population Connectivity and Conservation of Marine Biodiversity
Population Connectivity Conservation Marine Biodiversity
2015/7/22
An understanding of the extent to which marine populations are connected by larval dispersal is vital, both to comprehend past impacts and future prospects for sustaining biodiversity. Marine populati...
Connecting Places:The Ecological Consequences of Dispersal in the Sea
Connecting Places Ecological Consequences Dispersal in the Sea
2015/7/22
Few traits are shared by all species of animals and plants. Movement is a noteworthy exception. Although many species seem permanently locked to a particular place, they inevitably move at some stage ...
RAPID: Research on Automated Plankton Identification
Automated Plankton Identification Plankton
2015/7/22
When Victor Hensen deployed the first true plankton net in 1887, he and his colleagues were attempting to answer three fundamental questions: What planktonic organisms are present in the ocean? How ma...
It's been said, "The farther backwards you look, the farther forward you are likely to see" (Sir Winston Churchill, 1874–1965). This is especially true in science where knowledge is cumulative and con...
The Microbial Loop
Microbial Loop ocean
2015/7/22
Answering Charles Darwin's prescient question has taken us nearly two centuries. Only in recent decades have methods and concepts been developed to explore the significance of microbes in the ocean's ...
Energy is the most important requirement for life. It can be acquired by harvesting electrons flowing naturally from reduced to oxidized inorganic compounds (lithotrophy) or organic compounds (organot...
Microbes and the Dissipation of Energy and Respiration: From Cells to Ecosystems
Energy and Respiration From Cells
2015/7/22
In the year 1974, Larry Pomeroy first proposed that microbes were true movers of energy and nutrients in marine food webs (Pomeroy, 1974). This idea was later formalized as the "microbial loop" (Azam ...
Of all the biogeochemical cycles, nitrogen is the one most intimately and thoroughly associated with microbes. Essential and unique steps in the nitrogen cycle are performed by a wide array of bacteri...