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Saving Lives at Birth: The Impact of Home Births on Infant Outcomes
medical technology birth home birth mortality
2012/10/22
Many developed countries have recently experienced sharp increases in home birth rates. This paper investigates the impact of home births on the health of low-risk newborns using data from the Netherl...
Birth Order and Child Outcomes: Does Maternal Quality Time Matter?
birth order achievement production time use
2012/10/22
Higher birth order positions are often associated with poorer outcomes, possibly due to fewer resources received within the household. Using a sample of PSID-CDS children, we investigate whether the b...
Birth Order and Human Capital Development: Evidence from Ecuador
birth order human capital development parental time allocation Ecuador
2012/10/23
In this paper we examine the effect of birth order on human capital development in Ecuador using a large national database together with self-collected survey data. Using family fixed effects models w...
Explaining the Birth Order Effect: The Role of Prenatal and Early Childhood Investments
birth order early test scores parental investment prenatal investment postnatal investment early childhood investment fetal origins hypothesis cognitive outcomes non-cognitive outcomes
2012/10/23
The critical role of prenatal and early childhood conditions on adult outcomes has been the focus of a rich body of research. In this paper, we examine various pre- and postnatal investments as possib...
Water Scarcity and Birth Outcomes in the Brazilian Semiarid
water rainfall health birth infant mortality sanitation semiarid Brazil
2012/10/23
This paper analyzes the impact of rainfall fluctuations during the gestational period on health at birth. We concentrate on the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil to highlight the role of water sc...
Do Cash Transfers Improve Birth Outcomes? Evidence from Matched Vital Statistics, Social Security and Program Data
welfare transfers birth outcomes
2012/10/18
There is limited empirical evidence on whether unrestricted cash social assistance to poor pregnant women improves children's birth outcomes. Using program administrative micro-data matched to longitu...
Financial Incentives, the Timing of Births, Birth Complications, and Newborns' Health: Evidence from the Abolition of Austria's Baby Bonus
baby bonus scheduling of conceptions timing of births policy announcement abolition effect birth complications medical intervention
2012/10/19
We analyze the fertility and health effects resulting from the abolition of the Austrian baby bonus in January 1997. The abolition of the benefit was publicly announced about ten months in advance, cr...
Economic Crises, Maternal and Infant Mortality, Low Birth Weight and Enrollment Rates: Evidence from Argentina's Downturns
crisis, infant mortality, maternal mortality, low birth weight, poverty, Argentina
2012/10/22
This study investigates the impact of recent crises in Argentina (including the severe downturn of 2001-2002) on health and education outcomes. The identification strategy relies on both the inter-tem...
Economic Conditions at the Time of Birth and Cognitive Abilities Late in Life: Evidence from Eleven European Countries
cognition economic business cycle developmental origins health long-run effects dementia numeracy memory decision-making
2012/10/24
With ageing populations and a stronger reliance on individual financial decision-making concerning asset portfolios, retirement schemes, pensions and insurances, it becomes increasingly important to u...
The Role of Race and Birth Place in Welfare Usage among Comparable Women: Evidence from the U.S.
welfare usage women immigrants race ethnicity birth place black, welfare immigrant status
2012/10/30
There is evidence that women are more likely to live in poverty than men. Given the fact that the poor are more likely to use welfare, it becomes useful to consider welfare usage among women. A-priori...
The Effect of Prenatal Stress on Birth Weight: Evidence from the al-Aqsa Intifada
birth weight prenatal stress Israeli-Palestinian conflict
2012/11/1
No previous study has attempted to estimate the effect of intrauterine exposure to armed conflict, a potential source of stress, on pregnancy outcomes. Drawing on data from the 2004 Palestinian Demogr...
The Birth of the Labor Tribunal System in Japan:A Synthesis of Labor Law Reform and Judicial Reform
Labor Tribunal System Japan Labor Law Reform Judicial Reform
2009/11/6
The bursting of Japan’s economic bubble in the beginning of the
1990s was followed in the mid-1990s by great difficulties for Japanese
industries. Huge amounts of bad loans paralyzed the financial s...
Birth of a federation：Mr. Gompers endeavors 'not to build a bubble'
Birth of a federation Mr. Gompers bubble
2009/6/15
Birth of a federation：Mr. Gompers endeavors 'not to build a bubble'。